Pre-production planning: Credits

Our credits will appear on screen when appropriate to the shot, this meaning when the male character is seen the credit "Bradley Hawkes" will appear, this will go for all cast members. The first credit will be "Rumford Roberts Productions" and the final one will be our title "One less hour" as this is a common convention in all films.

They will not slide in or drop down, that will slowly fade in, this also links to the narrative of our film as it is about something coming out form the dark.

Pre-production planning: Typography of credits

We have chosen a typography for our credits, we have chosen it to reflect a typewriter style font. This creates a sense of ambiguity and mystery. 

Below are some of our proposed credits in a typography we thought is fitting.

The font is called Moms Typewriter.

We took inspiration from the opening of David Finchners Se7en.

We did a mood board to help decide on typography.

Pre-production planning: Call sheet

Date and time: 17th January 2015

Location: Daentry

Storyboard scenes: 6-14

Cast and Crew: Joe Rumford, Emily Roberts and Bradley Hawkes 

Props: Watch and planning board. 

Costume: Bradley Hawkes - Black top, black shoes, black hoodie, black trousers
                
Make-up: N/A

Set up: 11am - 11.30am

Filming: 11.30am - 2pm (break between 2pm and 3pm) 3pm - 4pm filming

Pre-production planning: Test shots

To try and establish our shooting location we did some test footage. We used a lower quality camera because this is what was accessible to us at the time.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3f3rgBIsRTM

Pre-production planning: Storyboard

Pre-production planning: Sound ideas

For our female character we need music to represent the archetype, therefor we are using ambient sound of current music in her room, to emphasis her archetype. We have chosen a song called "Steal my girl" to play in the background.

As well as this we approached our friend, Lucas Fisher, who is a talented musician and studying A-level music, to write a non-diegetic score, this is useful as we can make it how we would like. We and him intend to create a tense score that builds suspense.

Another non-diegetic sound will be the ticking of a clock, which will be constant throughout.

Throughout the

Pre-production planning: Health and safety risk assessment.

Pre-production planning: Location permission

Due to the fact that the majority of our shots will be filmed at our own houses so permission is not entirely needed, however we need to ensure that there are no people passing being in our shots in our street shots. However the climax of our film will be a kidnapping, so we need to alert people in the area so they will not be too alarmed.

Initial planning: Communication

In order to communicate with both my co-director and our actors,  we decided to use a Facebook group chat, on here we will post times, meet ups and other necessary points. This we thought would be the most efficient to communicate as it will be easy accessible to everyone, as well as everyone getting constant notifications, these medium also allows us to post pictures, videos and polls.

Pre-production planning: Classification

Stereotypically crime thriller films have a high classification around 15/18, this is due to the icons
involved.  These are usually violence, swearing and frightening elements. We used the BBFC website to help make our decision,

 For a 15 rated film:

• strong violence
• frequent strong language (e.g. 'f***').
• portrayals of sexual activity
• strong verbal references to sex
• sexual nudity
• brief scenes of sexual violence or verbal references to sexual violence
• discriminatory language or behaviour
• drug taking      

For an 18 rated film: 

•   very strong violence
•   frequent strong language (e.g. 'f***') and / or very strong language (e.g. ‘c***’)
•   strong portrayals of sexual activity
•   scenes of sexual violence
•   strong horror
•   strong blood and gore
•   real sex (in some circumstances)
•   discriminatory language and behaviour

We have concluded that our film will be in the 15 classification, as it fits the requirements. And doesn't exceed into all of the 18 requirements, our opening does not include and sexual scenes or violence, discriminatory language or very strong language.

Initial planning: Make up

Only one of our characters will have make up, the victim. This will relate to audiences, only a small amount of make up will be used to give a natural look to the character.This will include things such as eyeliner and foundation.

Initial planning: Props

A watch will be used to link our two narratives together, this prop will use the ticking sound to create tension as well as being used to show a transition between the two narratives. The watch will have dark colours to reflect the tone of the opening. The watch will also show the meticulous nature of the antagonist, the watch is a leather watch and not digital this connotes the antagonists "Old school" style of his crimes

Another prop used will be a notice board that will be key in the opening, this board will contain images and notes on a strategic plan. The board will be tattered and worn, and will be used to link the narratives together. The board will give a preferred reading of a antagonist with a strategic plan and maybe that he is a serial offender as the the board appears to be worn.

Finally we will use a bag for the final shot, it will be used to cover the camera. It will be concealed by the antagonist then revealed at the end.

Initial planning: Location

The majority of our opening will be set in the village of Middleton Cheney, this is because it is easily accessible to us as well as being ideal towards are narrative. Furthermore we chose this location because it is a stock location of thrillers, as there are conventions such as alleys, corners and it is in a ill lit area.

Initial planning: Costumes

Based on our knowledge and research on thriller films we have concluded that the antagonist is usually seen in darker clothing, this is what audiences will expect to see in thriller films. Therefor our protagonist will be seen wearing dark clothing.


Below is the costume our antagonist will be seen wearing:

Our victim will be seen wearing clothes that are stereotypically associated with the teenage girl archetype. These will be black jeanes, a red cardigan that subtly connotes danger, as well as a top.

Pre-Production planning: Target Audience Research

To further solidify our idea we decided on doing some research into wether or not our idea will appeal to our target audience. To achieve this we conduct a series of interviews with people within our target audience. We will ask them a series of questions relating to their interests as well as their views and opinions on our current idea.

Pre-production planning: Target audience research

Planning: Casting

For our casting we need to cast actors to act in our opening. We need two characters to play both the victim and the antagonist. The actor who will play the victim will need to be aged between 16-18, so that the character is relatable with the target audience. The antagonist should be aged around 17-20 to show a more dominating character in comparison. However the face of character will not be frequently seen, so a an actor with a large frame will be more suited.

We wish for our actors to be serious, professional, and committed to the cause. Due to these reasons we have selected two actors who have a professional manner, as well as acting experience. Both of our actors achieved high grades in their Performing Arts GCSE, One achieving an A* and one achieving a B. As well as both having experience in acting having both performed in several on stage productions.

They both live within close proximity to us, therefor they will be accessible to us.  Our actors will be:

-Bradley Hawkes for the antagonist

-Chloe O'Neill for the victim

Planning: The Treatment

One theme of our idea is abduction, the planning, execution and ending. It will help raise awareness of the problem within the real world as well giving an audience a thrilling experience.

The narrative structure will be chronological, although used in a dual narrative. The narrative will follow the two character separately however the viewer will have a timescale of who is where at a specific time, due to the way the victim is being followed. The narrative will end when the two characters meet, this will end the dual narrative and start a singular narrative, and set the tone for the rest of the film.

The characters seen will fit all their archetypes, the antagonists will be instantaneously recognised as an antagonists from his costume and make up, he will be dressed in all black, connoting he doesn’t want to be seen. The victim will be wearing clothes stereotypical to her age group which will relate to the target audience.

The setting will be in a rural area, a night time. This will thrill and scare the audience as the locations are relatable to them. Two rooms will be used to start of each narrative, they will both be messy, but with some organisation.

Mise-en-scene for the antagonist will include props such as several notes, a planning board. This will give the audience a sense of thrill and connote the antagonists methodical planning for the crime.

The camera work used will be very specific, over the shoulder shots and POV shots will be  used for the antagonist, this will create mystery for the audience. The over the shoulder shots will be establishing the surrounding he will be in. The shots for the female character will be more direct, with some tracking shots, as well as panning shots to establish her as a character as well as the environment she is in. Close up shots will be used on the watch to get a direct reading with the audience and make them focus on one specific point, connoting it’s importance.

Mainly cuts will be used, simple editing within the opening. The pace of the cuts, and lengths of shots will steadily increase as the tension builds and the characters get closer to meeting, montage editing will also be used. We also plan to do an advanced transition when the camera goes from on location to another by travelling through a wall. This will connote that both narratives are happening simultaneously.

Initial ideas.

The aim of our opening is to create mystery and intrigue. As well as directed the attention to a crime and allowing the audience to realise the preferred reading of a crime thriller genre. There were several crimes we discussed, these being, Murder, Abduction, Robbery and Fraud. We both agreed on the idea of abduction as we felt this will create more tension.

Originally we thought of an idea, this was based around a chase scene after a male witnesses a robbery. We had two ideas on abduction, one showing the antagonist and one not, we felt showing hints of the antagonist creates more mystery and acts as a tease to the audience.

The idea of abduction or murder poses more of a physical threat that can be relatable to a viewer, we decided to have a younger female character to confide in the icons of thrillers as well as being relatable to the audience.

Choosing an idea.

We went through several stages and ideas to come up with our initial idea, the idea we settled upon is one that follows two characters in different locations, this will be a dual narrative and finish with both characters meeting briefly at the end.

The narrative will be split, The antagonist will be seen firstly in one main location, the planning room, there will be shots of him looking through a plan on a board, he then proceeds to look at a watch, this will connote to the audience that something is going to happen and tension will be created. He will then proceed to walk through a dark alley and around a village following the other character. The second character will be seen getting ready and then walking around a village. At the end of these narratives they will meet and girl will get abducted.

Our characters will be fitting of their archetype, the antagonist will be dressed in dark clothing and his face will not be seen, this will create a large sense of mystery and keep the audience thinking and guessing throughout the opening. Our antagonist should meeting the physical archetype as well, he will be tall and bulky to show power and dominance. Our other character will be a young girl aged between 16-18, she will be a vulnerable character and dressed in stereotypical teenage girl clothes so she can relate with the audience. She will fit the stereotypical victim within our chosen genre.

The camera angles used will be POV shots and over the shoulder shots for our antagonist, this will create mystery as well as establishing the character in a certain position or location. 

We will have props within the planning room, there will be a desk, a planning board and a watch, this watch will signify time and the build up to the abduction, there will be a constant ticking of a clock which will get louder throughout the film to portray suspense. The watch will act as a motif within the film.

Other ideas we had included the woman being followed and just having noises behind her, make the audience feel like she is being watched, however we felt introducing some elements of the antagonist created more of a tense atmosphere. Another idea we had was a chase scene brought on after a younger male, who would fit into a archetype, running away from a scene after witnessing a robbery. However we felt this would not perfectly fit the thriller icons that viewers expect to see.

Final Sub-genre analysis

Final sub-genre 

A decision to go with crime thriller was made after researching several other thriller sub-genres such as horror. The crime thriller genre revolves around a specific crime or pursuit of criminal, we feel as if this will be challenging and exciting to portray. We have chosen to focus on the crime of Abduction after looking at other films for inspiration: 

-The Talented Mr Ripley (Identify theft and fraud)

- Snatch (Robbery)

-Se7en (Murder) 

To keep within the crime thriller genre we will have to use iconography that represents the genre and the target audience, these would include darkly dressed antagonists and weapons to emphasise the deviance of the character.

The narrative will have to be circulated around a crime, and the investigating the crime. The start will introduce a crime, setting up a task for the film and the audience to unravel it as it goes along.

Typography is important in a crime thriller, it should be sharp and represent confusion by having a distorted style. Thus repressing the genre and relating to the audiences expectations.

The stereotypical locations for a crime thriller is a dark place, low key lighting is used, the locations are usually large cities, however a town or village will create an equally tense and exciting affect.

Planning: Initial ideas for target audience

Some codes of conventions of thriller sub-genres are shared, usually a sense of tension, suspense, and mystery. The crime thriller usually shows a narrative where a policeman or detective, the protagonist,  is in pursuit of an antagonist, usually a criminal.  The wild chase and piecing together of clues will engage the audience and fulfill their pleasures.

The primary target audience for these film are 18-30 year olds,  most crime thrillers contain heavy violence, swearing and some disturbing elements. Which are unsuitable for young children.  These films will also not translate with older audiences because of the element of thrill and people over 30 are stereotypically family orientated. The secondary audience is fans of thrillers, as they get pleasure from working out plots, as well as being thrilled and challenged in their viewing. The thriller genre strongly fulfills the fans expectations.

Our target audience will be the same as above, it will be exciting and have relatable character to the audience. The film must however have a sense of darkness and violence, so it is not to be mistaken as a younger aged film.

To have a successful opening we need to follow the codes and conventions of the crime thriller genre, in order to fulfill the audiences pleasures, therefor we will contain an obvious protagonist and antagonist and the narrative will have an indication of a crime.

This screen shot shows that for No Country For Old Men, a popular crime thriller has been rated higher by men than women. Supporting our theory of our primary target audience should be mainly men. 

The Big Pitch

http://www.slideshare.net/emilyrobertsmedia/the-big-pitch-41446891

Genre Analysis: The Bourne Ultimatum

The Bourne Ultimatum is a third instalment in the Bourne franchise, the 2007 film was directed by Paul Greengrass and distributed by Universal Pictures. Released in the UK of 19th August it made £6,553,704 on opening weekend. The film won three Oscars and in number 197 on IMDBs top 250 films. 

The film picks up from where the previous film (The Bourne Supremacy) ended, it sees the already established protagonist limp and injured running away from a police force in Moscow, Russia. The film poses many questions for first time viewers, which is what they would enjoy when watching a crime thriller, in this case it focuses around espionage. The mis-en-scene shows violence in fighting, guns and police chases. These are very definitive connotations of the crime thriller genre, as police are the primary antagonist to criminals. 

A fast pace is set by the non-diegetic incidental music, the scene it’s self is at a fast pace with quick, concise cuts to connote the nervous and erratic atmosphere. There are ambient sounds of trains and traffic. There appears to be a a darkened filter on the opening, this shifts the mood to that of a more serious one and creates a sense of mystery that is expected for this genre.

The film starts with a black screen and in the bottom right the location, Moscow, Russia. It is written in serious, san serif, militant typography in white. This connotes the serious natures of the film which is popular with crime thrillers. The camera work is shaky, this connotes the drama within the opening.

Filters and a blurred effect are used within the flashback sequence to show a different time period and the idea of a ‘Flash’ this is done by a bright filter on the screen, as well as blurred shot to emphasise the unknown on the flashback, this sense of confusion and mystery will fulfil viewer expectations. Subtitles are rolled over the screen when foreign dialogue is shown, this creates more mystery as well as a more in-depth view of the character. 

The protagonist is dressed in a black, very deceptive matching the archetype of a thriller protagonist. Although dressed for deception he is also dressed smart, allowing him to fit it. The protagonist is constantly looking over his shoulder, the camera uses POV shots to see his point of view to assess the situation, this causes a thrill for the audience because they feel as if they are in the same position and can relate to the character.

As opposed to other films that follow codes and conventions, this film does not have credits within the opening this helps tunnel the thrill into the scene without any distractions, as well as they are not as essential as the cast and crew may be known because of the previous two films. 

Genre Analysis: The Departed

The Departed is director Martin Scorcese’s first Oscar win, produced by Warner Bro’s and released on October 6th 2006 the film made £2,298,313 on opening weekend in the UK. The film won Oscars for Best Director , Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Supporting Actor (Mark Wahlberg). The film is highly acclaimed by critics and is number 47 on IMDB’s top 250 films list.

The film has a very unique opening as it focuses around one character Frank Costello. The film instantly connects to the audience with codes and conventions of thriller films, one of the first shots is of people fighting in the street, fighting and violence are connotations of the thriller genre. It shows old shots of Boston, this set’s the scene, again relating to a crime thriller audience as they expect a built up area to be the source of a conspiracy or a crime. The shots are in a shaky and old footage, connoting that the film will not take place within this time period. Establishing shots are used to show the area. 

The character is introduced slowly, the first showing of the character is a silhouette, there is exceptionally low key lighting which creates mystery and tension for the viewer, which is what audiences expect to see out of a crime thriller. The character is further seen in a shop, his face is not seen and he is in a position of power as his body language is more relaxed than the shop owners, the convention of a discreet transaction is a convention of crime thriller. 

There is a non-diegetic soundtrack (Gimme Shelter-Rolling Stones) this upbeat sound creates a sense of important and almost immortality to the character being introduced, As well as this there in a non-diegetic voiceover this helps the audience relate to the character as things are being seen from their perspective. Several sound bridges are used within the opening, to show the linear and chronological story line. The soundtrack quietens down when dialogue is being exchanged and then bought back up when there is not, this helps the scene work and give an importance to the characters.

Mise-en-scene in the scene shows several guns, cigarettes and violence, all fitting the stereotypical exceptions from the audiences. The murder of two people in a derelict location is symbolic of a gangster film, a type of crime thriller, the sadistic laugh from the killer connotes that the antagonist is being introduced. The locations are stereotypical of a gangster film, working from small businesses as a cafe and motor shop are seen. 

The make up of the main character seen is rather wealthy, smart shirts are seen, a fancy watch and sunglasses and is seen smoking all the time, the smoking connotes arrogance and confidence. When the character delivers the line “What’s the difference?” there is a low angle shot along side low key lighting, creating a sense of darkness around the character and importance from the shot.

The editing is simple within this opening, there are several moments when the speeds of the cuts are sped up to connote a faster pace, a diverse pace in expectant if audiences in the thriller genre. Filters are not used as the lighting is used so effectively, match on action shots are also used frequently to show understanding of dialogue between characters.

Unconventionally no credits are seen within this opening, this does not reach the expectations of not just thriller films, but films in their own right,

Genre Analysis: V for Vendetta

Made in 2006 V for Vendetta stands at number 146 on the IMDB’s top 250 list. It was directed by James McTeigue. Released on 17th March 2006 and made £1,188,058 on opening weekend, although being critically acclaimed the film didn’t receive any major awards. The film was produced by Warner Bro’s.

The film’s opening does not give much away when coming to a narrative, the main achievements in the opening are introducing the protagonists and setting the scene. The film show’s two characters in different locations, the film is running a dual narrative. Although the complexity of the narrative is not revealed, their are codes and conventions of thriller films being showcased, there are weapons seen when V is getting ready. Mystery is what audiences expect to see when viewing a thriller, they are immediately dragged into this film as the Guy Fawkes mask is seen, an unknown entity is an icon of thrillers as well as fitting the character archetype. The audience will want to try and work out for themselves the identity of the man throughout the film, thus getting what they expect of this genre.Throughout the film V is portrayed as an anti-hero, an anti-hero is stereotypical of thriller genres as they are relatable to the audience.

The other character seen is E-Eve a younger girl, the audiences expectations are met here as a typical convention of Thrillers is to have an innocent woman put in some kind of trouble or distress. However both characters are seen watching the same show, with a bigoted, aggressive man is shown on screen. He has a direct mode of dress and has an forceful manner, both characters show distaste towards the character. This produces a mystery of the antagonist.

Rather unconventionally there is no music in this opening, thus not much tension created, however mystery overshadows this. There is a diegetic dialogue drawing in and out of the scene, which also helps set the scene as it describes the benefits of the new tyrant British government. There are diegetic sounds of movement within the scene, however sound is limited, which is unconventional for thriller opening as they usually have incidental music to create tension or a soundtrack.

The opening is shot using dual narrative, two events running simultaneously. There is an establishing shot in V’s hideout, connoting to audiences that this will be an important place within the film. The shots from both narrative are matching, for example when they both put on their shoes, one shot after another. The ease of this task also highlights the contrast between the characters. There are close ups on V’s weapons, highlighting these icons of thrillers fulfils the audience pleasures, as they expect these in thrillers. There is also a POV shot through V’s eyes when he puts on the mask, this further highlights to the audience that he is a mystery and his identity will be kept a secret. 

Within this opening credits are not seen, this is unconventional as majority of thrillers do this, for example David Fincher is famous for thrillers and is renowned for his opening sequences in Se7en and The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo. 

This opening creates more of a sense of mystery than tension, however both are conventions of thriller genres. Further in the film tension is built up, the audience get’s what they pay for in both the opening and the entirety of this film.

My Chosen Genre

For my film opening we have gone down the route of a thriller, we have decided to do thriller because it has a wide range of codes and conventions that can be used to create the film and show off our skill set. 

This mood board I created gives an idea to the typical codes and conventions that are scene in thriller films, such as location, character archetypes, costumes and props. Typically the antagonist is unknown and the protagonist is some sort authoritative figure.

The conventional storyline for a thriller is a protagonist seeking to solve a mystery by catching an antagonist, or by restoring a sense of justice back into the setting a location. Locations are usually in derelict and abandoned places, for example Shutter Island. Another convention is a twist or an unexpected event that will throw back viewers and shock them, giving a sense of thrill and mystery that they aim to get. Examples of this are The Usual Suspects, Unbreakable and the Sixth Sense. 

Thrillers are usually aimed at older audiences, preferably males from 16-30 as they contain action, violence and thrills, giving them a sense of bravery when watching the film. These conventions will not appeal to younger audiences as they may unintentionally frighten themselves. Characters is thrillers are usually relatable to the target audience, being the same age and class as them, for example Final Destination is exceptionally popular among young adults. 

Technically thrillers use a lot of incidental music to create tension, as well as either extremely slow camera movement to emphasis tension or extremely fast, montage, shots to emphasis chaos and disruption. These can be useful when planning and executing our final project.  

Genre

Genre is the industry standard way of separating media products and to categorise them. Genre is a french word meaning class or type. Films are put into genres depending on the codes and conventions found within their film, for example if there are jump scares and strong violence being inflicted it will be in the horror genre. Horror is an example of a genre, here are some more. 

Sub-genre further breakdown of genre, a sub-division, for example Slasher is a sub-genre of horror. These still have codes and conventions of the genre, but use more in depth codes and conventions to further solidify the sub-genre. 

Genres have been around almost as long as film began. They started off by creating films similar to the likes and reception of the audience on the previous film. By using the same codes and conventions they could create a film that was popular and ultimately make them more money. A genre is for the benefit of the viewer when browsing for a film, as well as film-makers to know what film is best to produce.

Genre can lead to the expectation of a film, for example in a comedy film they expect to laugh or in horror expect to get scared and a rush of adrenaline they wish for. It helps them know what to expect in terms of character archetypes, story line and actors. For example it is unlikely for Jonah Hill, a comedy actor to appear in a War Epic, because audiences relate him to comedy films and would be uncomfortable with the idea of him taking on a serious role. In a romance film the audience expect a storyline where two people meet, fall in love, then something bad happens, and then a happy ending.

The audiences pleasures are met when their expectations are met, genres successfully achieve this.

Opening Analysis: The Talented Mr Ripley

The Talented Mr. Ripley was the 1999 critically acclaimed film, based on the novel by Patricia Highsmith, directed by Anthony Minghella. It was nominated for 5 Oscars including Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Jude Law). It was released on the 25th February 2000 (UK) and made £1,267,833 on the opening weekend (UK). The film was produced by Miramax International and distributed by Miramax films.

With a 15 age rating this film automatically excludes itself from a target audience of under 15, this film is classed as a drama, music and thriller according to IMDB. However it is predominately a thriller because of the sense of mystery and tension.The conventions of the thriller genre are moments of suspense, tension and excitement, therefor this will appeal to a younger audience predominately 16-25 year olds, as well as thriller fans, who get pleasure from being scared and enjoy having to think. However, a secondary target audience of this will be 50+ as the film is based in the 1950’s and has themes of art, music and high culture, which will appeal to an older, more sophisticated audience. 

Miramaxs logo is the first thing seen in the opening, it is in it’s generic style has has not been adapted to fit the films themes, followed by this is the Paramount pictures animation. Almost instantaneously the film creates mystery and tension from the non-diegetic and haunting incidental music that layered over the opening; As well as the music, tension is created by the slow unveiling of a character from a black screen, it acts as a “big reveal” for the title character. Furthermore not only does it introduce the character the slow unveiling reveals his location which appears to be in a high end room connoting he is a man of power and luxury. The character has a serious and worried expression on his face, as if something bad has or is going to happen. The draws the viewer in as the slow revealing sides may reveal something bad, filling the viewer with dread and mystery. 

Firstly the camera slowly pans around the character from a low angle giving the viewer a good view of him, connoting he is important in times to come within the film. The lighting in this scene is well worked as it shows the character firstly in a positive light, both figuratively and physically then as it rotates around becomes darker, this connotes the characters turn in attitude, mental state and motives throughout the film. The next part of the opening shows a party, where the misc-en-scene shows champagne, impressive landscaping and characters with a make up of sophistication, as their are dressed in suits and long dresses, connoting wealth and importance. There is also the ambient sound of the piano and the singer. Between the two parts of the opening there is a sound bridge of the piano playing, the piano connotes music which appeals to the secondary audience quickly in the film. As well as this there is a small voice over that gives a inkling to the narrative, the character says “If I could just go back. If I could rub everything out.  Starting with myself. Starting with borrowing a jacket.” This effectively draws the reader in.

The opening credits are very present and outstanding within the first scene, they are conventional and similar to all other generic opening credit sequences. The most important being more present on screen and the others being on the side of the picture, not getting full attention of the viewer. Starting with institutions, followed by cast in star order and finally the title of the film. which appears unconventionally as the word “Talented” is emphasised more the other words, this connotes the uniqueness of the charter and that the apparent protagonist is not the archetype we would expect. The word is furthermore enlarged connoting that his talents may overshadow his identity. The text is slow moving, and is written in a typewriter like font, this connotes an older style and the time when this film was based. The slow animation set’s the tone for the film as it links in to the incidental music that creates a slow and haunting theme. 

The final shot is an establishing shot, a extreme long shot that shows an apartment roof over New York, this connotes high levels of wealth. There is a close up shot of the hands of piano, this is used to emphasise the “Talent” of the protagonist, there is a medium shot that shows two people one sitting down at a piano and one standing next to it. At 1:53 there is a subtle matching action shot of Mr Greenleaf looking at Mr Ripley and him being unaware. This shows that Mr Greenleaf has spotted something about Mr Ripley and that this will set up for the narrative.